Species name: | Chenopodium vulvaria |
Family: | Amaranthaceae |
Group: | Angiosperms |
Common names: | Dvokiancioji balanda |
Synonymes: | |
Habitats: | Urban areas, Disturbed areas |
Time of introduction: | 1848 |
Year of first report: | |
Type of introduction: | Unintentional |
Distribution details: | Mediterranean |
Donor area: | |
Status: | Not established |
Frequency: | Rare |
Invasiveness: | Not known |
Impact: | Not known |
Comments: | |
Last updated | 30-06-2006 (day-month-year) |
Resources: | Google image search |
References: |
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Habitat | Explanation |
---|---|
Agricultural areas | Under cultivation |
Arctic/alpine | Arctic/alpine vegetation types (latitude and altitude aspects involved) |
Boreal forest | Conifer forest (Neddleleaf) |
Coastland | Along and influenced by the sea |
Continental ice | e.g. the glaciers on Greenland |
Disturbed areas | Under human influence, but not under cultivation |
Estuaries and brackish areas | Where freshwater meets the sea, and where salinity varies between 35 ppm and <5 ppm (such as the Baltic Sea) |
Grass and heathlands | Dry grassland incl. steppe/prarie and heathland |
Greenhouses or compost heaps | Here the climate is regulated to natural situation (temperature and humidity) |
Host | Organism were the IAS gets protection or nourishment |
Lakes | Freshwater bodies (stagnant, lentic waters) |
Marine habitats | All saltwater habitats, benthic and pelagic (e.g. Atlantic, North Sea, Barents Sea) |
Mixed conifer/broadleaf forest | Conifers (Neddleleaf) mixed with decidous trees |
Not known | |
Riparian zones | Along rivers |
Rocks and lavafields | Rocky areas without natural vegetation or with very sparse vegetation |
Shrublands | Shrubs and dwarfed trees |
Temperate broadleaf forest | Decidous forests |
Under human management | Inside houses and warehouses, inside furfarms, in closed aquacultural sites, in closed aquaria |
Urban areas | Near human dvellings |
Watercourses | Running water (lotic waters) |
Vector | The bearer or carrier of pathogenic IAS |
Wetlands | Bogs, mires and wet grasslands, lakeshores |
Group | Explanation |
---|---|
Angiosperms | The other flowering plants - Angiospermophyta, classes Dicotyledoneae and Monocotyledoneae (Dicots and monocots) |
Annelids | Lophotrochozoans: Annelida (Segmented Worms), Phoronida (horseshoe worms), Pogonophora (bearded tube worms), Sipuncula (peanut worms), Nemertini (ribbon worms), Echiura (Spoon worms), |
Arthropods | Phylum Arthropoda (Spiders, Insects, Crabs, Crayfish etc.) |
Birds | Not a big group in numbers, but one of the charismatic groups of vertebrates, Phylum Chordata |
Bryophytes | Mosses and allies, such as liverworts |
Cnidarians | Phylum Cnidaria (jellyfishes, corals, hydra, anemones) |
Comb jellies | Phylum Ctenophora (comb jellies) |
Coniferous plants | Gymnosperms - Coniferophyta/Pinophyta |
Ferns | Pteridophyta (Ferns and allies) |
Fish | An aquatic charismatic group, Phylum Chordata |
Flatworms | Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) |
Fungi | Macrofungi (incl. Lichens) |
Macroalgae | Multicellular plants living in water (also called seaweeds) |
Mammals | Not a big group in numbers, but one of the charismatic groups of vertebrates, Phylum Chordata |
Microorganisms | Bacteria, vira, microfungi, diseases |
Molluscs | Phylum Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Squid & Octopus) |
Nematodes | The Ecdysozoan worms: Nematoda, Nematomorpha, Cephaloryncha, Onychophora |
Other chordates | Urochordata (tunicates, sea squirts), Myxini (hagfish), Cephalochordata (lancelets) |
Other invertebrates | Phylum Brachiopoda (Lamp Shells), Phylum Porifera (Sponges), Phylum Bryozoa ("Moss animals"), Phylum Rotifera (Rotifers) |
Phytoplankton | Microscopic plants that live in water |
Protozoans | Single-celled eukaryotic organisms |
Reptilia & amphibia | Not big groups in numbers, but charismatic groups of vertebrates, Phylum Chordata |
Sea urchins & starfish | Phylum Echinodermata (sea urchins & starfish, sea cucumbers) |
Type of introduction | Explanation |
---|---|
Intentional | On purpose |
Intentional & unintentional | Both the above ways |
Not known | No information available |
Unintentional | Unknowingly - as a by-product of human activities |
Invasiveness | Explanation |
---|---|
Invasive | Threatens native biological diversity |
Not invasive | Does not threaten native biological diversity |
Not known | |
Potentially invasive | Has a potential to threaten native biological diversity |
Distribution | Explanation |
---|---|
Africa | |
Antarctica | This is a continent where we will probably not see too many aliens species from |
Arctic Ocean | Surrounding the north pole |
Asia | Divides to Europa along Ural/Kazakstan, Black Sea |
Europe | Divides to Asia along the Ural/Kazakstan (check maps for details) |
Indian Ocean | South of India to the southern tips of Africa and Australia respectively |
N. America | Canada, USA, Mexico |
N. Atlantic Ocean | The upper part of the Atlantic, equator divides from the southern part |
N. Pacific Ocean | Pacific Ocean the upper part, equator divides from the southern part. |
Not known | |
Oceania | Australia, New Zealand and small islands |
S. America | All countries south of Mexico |
S. Atlantic Ocean | The southern part of the Atlantic Ocean |
S. Pacific Ocean | The lower part of the Pacific ocean |
Southern Ocean | Ocean surrounding Antarctica and extends to 60 degrees latitude |
Frequency | Explanation |
---|---|
Absent | Not found(primarily intended for phase II where we compare lists) |
Common | Many sites in the country |
Eradicated | Has been succesfully eradicated |
Extinct | Has been successfully eradicated |
Local | Locally abundant, many individuals in some areas of the country |
Not known | |
Rare | Few sites where it is found in the country |
Very common | Many sites and many individuals |
Pathway | Explanation |
---|---|
Agriculture | Plants for production of food for human and animal consumption, incl. crops and contaminants of hay, grain, fodder |
Angling/sport | Live bait or dispersal via fishing gear or/and boats or as a consequence of aquasports |
Animal husbandry | Animals for production of food for human, including the pest species introduced via the animal hosts |
Aquaculture | Fish/crayfish/algae/seafood farming, or a consequences of stocking of species (pest species) - includes mariculture |
Aquaria | Ponds and aquariums |
Ballast water & sediments | Ballast water and sediments in tanks, as well as solid ballast, incl also the dispersal via shipping in general (eg. Brown rat) |
Biological control | Introduced as a putative biocontrol agent/pest of another species |
Escapes | Fur farming, pet-animals escaping from cativity, laboratory animals, animal escapes, pet trade |
Fisheries | Commercial fishing |
Forestry | Timber and tree production, including the pest species introduced via tree hosts or product thereof |
Horticulture | Plants used for ornamental purposes, gardening |
Hull fouling | Fouling of ships hulls |
Hunting | Released as hunting quarry or prey |
Landscaping | The use of plants in the landscape (such as hegde plantings, binding of silt, erosion control) |
Medicinal | Typically plants (maybe a few animals) for this purpose |
Not known | |
Ornamental | Animals used for ornamental purposes auch as colourful slugs and birds in parks etc. |
Reintroduction | Re-introduction of species that have died out in the country previously |
Secondary introduction | Introduced species where populations have been introduced from a nearby country/sea area - not the natural distribution area |
Transport | Infrastructure, translocation of machinery, transportation along roads and rails, planes, package material etc. |
Status | Explanation |
---|---|
Established | The species has formed self-reproducing populations in semi-natural or natural areas. |
In captivity/culture | Greenhouses, houses and otherwise confined by humans |
Not established | The species has not formed self-reproducing populations (also called casual or incidental) |
Not known | |
Suspected | The species is suspected to be found in the country, but no scientific proof published |
Within country transfer | The species occurs naturally (is indigenous) within one part of the country but has been introduced by humans into another region where it has not previously occurred. |
Impact | Explanation |
---|---|
Abiotic changes | Modification of fire regime, succession, hydrology, nutrient availability, |
Competition | Competing with other organisms filling the same niche in the food chain (horizontal effect), physical disturbance |
Decomposition | Entering the local food web by being a new decomposer (vertical effects) |
Disease transmission | Being a reservoir for parasites or a vector for pathogen or being a parasite/pathogen |
Extinction | Extinction of native species - such a grave effect is rarely seen in our parts of the world (let's hope we se no records here) |
Genetic | hybridising with a related species or varieties, may lead to extinction by gene flow or dilution of locally adapted genepool |
Herbivory | Entering the local food web by being a new herbivore (vertical effects) |
Human health | Human health effects by being toxic, causing diseases or allergies |
None | Preferably (!) based on some kind of scientific knowledge |
Not known | no information available |
Predation | Entering the local food web by being a new predator (vertical effects) |
Resource allocation | Being a new ressource for native or introduced species (for herbivores, predators or decomposers) (vertical effects) |
Socio-economic | Fouling, clogging of waterways, leading to increased pesticide/herbicide use, control and management costs etc. |
Toxic | Being toxic for local species, thereby displacing these. |